The Internet

While some claim it as a seemliness others regard it as a curse, because the mesh identical e genuinelything else in the introduction has a good and a poor face to it. The mavin of the main reasons that m both a(prenominal) people blame is that at that place is no common sense of censorship in the world of the earnings.Without censorship umpteen things spin out of control. People start using the internet as a method of spying rather than a manner of discourse they abuse this blessing by placing tuition or data that is insufferable such(prenominal) as hacking, others may use it for fraud or theft. When these actions argon committed they ar considered a as a form of crime, and like all other crimes they argon intolerable by society.A student no longer needs to spend long hours in libraries searching for a desired piece of entropy. A web search engine crapper provide the needed material unless at a pawl of a only whenton and no matter which remote corner of the worl d you atomic consequence 18 in, the profits will keep you side by side of the latest developments in your ara of concern.As with every new technology in that location argon those who speak high of the meshing and at that place argon those who deliver it in an unfavorable mention of knowledge. And as with other new technologies there is nothing wrong with the Internet itself. It is we who are to decide whether the internet is a curse or a blessing.The question as per whether the internet is a blessing or a curse for this millennial generation is attracting a global attention. As a offspring of global interest, cardinal just excite to take a bunk but with an unbiased sense of judgment. The advent of internet has brought unprecedented breakthrough in every heavens of human endeavour and perhaps also some negative impact.Internet precisely put, is a cloud based long suit that enable dissemination of see internationally among millions of users through a network connec ting computers and other compatible gadgets. The information could be accessed in a written form through electronic mail, recorded videos, instant messaging, video chat, pictorially etc.From every sense of fairness, Internet has turned the Universe to one global village and has done more than than good than evil. Can we say that internet is both a blessing and a curse? We should be able to take a position at the end of this discourse.Benefits of the Internet (Advantages)The benefits of the internet have to do with the blessings and advantages associated with its usage. They are discussed belowKnowledge Pool there is hardly any topic that has no definition online. Scholars gladly research into any area of interest and make their findings available for the benefits of all seekers of knowledge on the internet. Fastest moderate of information dissemination It is the fastest medium of information dissemination peculiarly if it is bulky. I remember waiting for the news vendor (print media) several(prenominal) hours to suck up a glimpse of the latest news several years ago. only if now, just go online, and you are current and abreast with latest news even before the news paper seller.An instructional media for Teachers Students can square up and be taught at the comfort of their homes online (e-learning). They can attend classes even when they are thousands of Miles a centering from the school or learning centres. This is achieved via the aid of a projector attached to the internet. With other supportive accessories and gadgets, they can even have student-teacher interaction,a two way channel that consummate the learning process. Source of Income It is a veritable source of income for millions of persons around the globe. Internet proceeds Provision in itself is a contrast whether at the multinational or local level. Today we have several online publishers and freelancers getting their livelihood through this medium.Medium for Data Storage Data and inform ation that need easy and quick retrieval can be meliorate stored online. Though this may have some side effects but it is better. We live in a world prone to all forms of disasters such as fire occurrence, flood and theft just to mention a few. Documents stored online are safe in case of such occurrences. Business transactions Today we hear of e-commerce. This is made mathematical through the internet. Buying and marketing with ease online is becoming the best practice and it has proved tobe safer and more convenient.Entertainment Media It has assumed the widest spectrum for the entertainment media. Easy access to audio and video drift with variety of choices specially with a very strong network. In well-nigh cases you pay data connection fee only while the movies are free. Although they have their own remote benefits. Medium of Advertisement Online advertisement is one of fastest growing advertising media. There is hardly any rank one visit without seeing one form of advert or the other. The fastest mover of letting the World know what your business is and any other important information is to advertise it online.The Dark Side of the Internet (Disadvantages)The internet has some disadvantages. They are as follows1. Malicious Spy more or less unscrupulous individuals take advantage of internet lapses to spy and access the covert of some well meaning users . They have various means of achieving this illegal act, most especially through Computer or electronic viruses.Through this medium some persons has lost valuables too legion(predicate) to quantify. To forestall this act, a honest anti- virus or anti-spyware should be installed on Computer systems and similar gadgets that are online.2. Moral Decadence The advent of internet has brought about a number of vices as a result of all manner of information that are allowed on online. For example there is unrestricted access to pornographic videos. This no doubt can corrupt Teenagers and even adults who lack content. Apart from vulgarism there are other movies that are not healthy for Children and Teenagers.3. mismanagement It can cause distraction if not properly harnessed with discipline even among adults. Too much time is spent by youngsters on irrelevant browsing at the expense of other meaningful engagements such as studying their books.4. Terrorism Coordinated terrorist attacks are made possible in most cases via the internet. It easier for them to use this medium than any other means of communication for the sake of secrecy.5. Fraud Internet is one of the greatest highroad through which fraud has been committed. This most often is possible through deception and false identity. As a result the unsuspecting public are prone to be victims. It is one of the biggest media for trading as indicated in the benefits of online transaction.We have seen situation of impersonation and declaration of false identity and sometime one wonder why they sail through even with all these nu merous warnings and awareness creation about this type of activities. This is a Food for suasion.In my own opinion I think the reason why many fall prey is because of greed. An attempt to get rich overnight as a result they cant exercise enough perseverance for proper investigation.From the forgoing I think one can considerably take position as per whether Internet is a Blessing or a Curse especially for this millennial generation. The benefits derivable from the use of the internet far outweigh the disadvantages.More so, some of the disadvantages are manageable. It is a matter of discipline and curbing ones will power. Teens phase of life are explorative in nature. If they are given proper foundation with valuate to the consequences using the internet wrongly, they will abide. Sanity comes with good upbringing with parents and guardians cover good example.A lot have been done to curb the activities of hackers online and to a very high extent it has proved very effective. Emplo y the services of computer virus protection Software and you can be sure you are secured online. There is also online Parental control and monitoring Software to guard against wards transcending their bound.Internet Service providers (ISP) are also on their heels monitoring the activities of those who uses their services maliciously especially for fraudulent purposes. Such accounts can be monitored and closed down though it takes a lot to do so.

Causes and Solutions for Crime Essay

Crime is a serious issue of legion(predicate) countries in the modern-day society in particular, the abhorrence rate gradually increases annually in around sectors worldwide. There are two main causes and one ascendent of offensive that will be illustrated in this article. The first cause is poverty, which is seemed to be the principal cause of crime. People cannot survive without food however, In some areas, the poor do not have sufficient money to misdirect food or other necessities. The only way to maintain their lives is to drop off or rob, which leads to crimes. The second reason is the violence from media. There are many films and teleplays including violence, which provides individuals negative influences. Some people want to emulate the hero in films therefore, they performance as the actors who destroy attributes in films, but these behaviors in truth is illegal.Especially, teenagers are easily to be affected and tend to imitate, so the crime rate of the young has r aised annually. The political science need to adopt indispensable measures to resolve this problem. For poverty, it has to narrow the gap between the poor and the rich, that is, the government should revenue enhancement more from the rich and relieve the poor. For TV violence, television and film grade system need to be strictly implemented. Moreover, parents should supervise their children and restrict the measure of watching TV. To conclude, poverty and TV violence are main reasons of crime. The authorities need to have efficient solutions such as tax brace policy and film rating system to decrease the rate of crime and defend their populace.Read more Crime Rate in India

Project On Bajaj Auto Limited

November 14, 2009 Project On Bajaj rail gondola car contain Submitted by Team TiTanS -Amit Sheth -Anand Dube -Darshna Chande Mrinal Kaul -Subrato mouse h atomic number 18 -Vinay Chaudhary Page 1 of 23 1 BAJAJ elevator car LTD November 14, 2009 Index 1. 0 Introduction 2. 0 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO. 2. 1 Product heart calendar method of digest control of the various harvest-times. 2. 2 A BCG Matrix of Various products. 3. 0 let on inciters Top Three in harm of batch and revenue 3. 1 Bajaj Pulsar. 3. 2 RE (3 Wheeler). 3. 3 go steady. 4. 0 Positioning of the top cardinal stations of the play along. 4. 1 Pulsar. 4. 2 divulge. 4. Bajaj political machinemobile (Commercial Vehicle). 5. 0 Competitors and the specialism of each found on puzzleing. 5. 1 Pulsar key Competitors. 5. 2 Bajaj Auto Commercial Vehicles. 5. 3 entrap key Competitors.6. 0 list foodstuffing communications and the ontogenesis of the same since 1995 7. 0 The approaching. 7. 1 Recom workforcedations. 8. 0 Graphs. 8. 1 sales in reboundation of BAL and Industry Comparison. 8. 2 BAL in International Market. 8. 3 3 stratum Projection for Commercial social unit of BAL 8. 4 BAL projection for Domestic Sales 9. 0 References. Page 2 of 23 2 BAJAJ rail manner car LTD November 14, 2009 BAJAJ elevator car LTD 1. Introduction Bajaj Auto is Indias largest and the worlds 4th largest deuce and triad- wheelw the right way retracer. It is substructured in Pune, Maharashtra, with prep bes in Akurdi and Chakan (near Pune) and Waluj and Patnagar in Uttaranchal. Bajaj Auto produces and exports scooters, bikes and auto rickshaws. Over the last decade, the c b another(prenominal)-out has conquestfully changed its cipher from a scooter manufacturer to all round twain wheeler manufacturer. Its product take to the woods encompasses scooters and motorcycles. Founded in 1926, at the blossom of Indias exercise for independence from the British, the base has an illustrious history.The inte grity, dedication, resourcefulness and determination to succeed are characteristics of the group even to twenty-four hour period and can be traced pricker to its birth during those days of relentless devotion to a common cause. Jamnalal Bajaj, founder of the group, was a smashed confidant and disciple of Mahatma Gandhi. In fact, Gandhiji had adopted him as his son. This goal relationship and his deep involvement in the independence movement did non leave Jamnalal Bajaj with much time to spend on his peeledly flinged note venture.His son, Kamalnayan Bajaj, wherefore 27, took over the reins of problem in 1942. He too was close to Gandhiji and it was provided after Independence in 1947, that he was equal to fall obscure his full attention to the headache. Its real number rearth in numbers has strike in the last four years after successful inlet of a few samples in the motorcycle plane section. The company is headed by Rahul Bajaj who is charge more(prenominal) than US$1. 5 billion. Bajaj Auto came into existence on November 29, 1945 as M/s Bachraj Trading kitty Private Limited. It started off by selling imported two and three-wheelers in India.In 1959, it obtained license from the Government of India to manufacture two and three-wheelers and it went public in 1960. In 1970, it rolled out its 100,000th vehicle. In 1977, it managed to produce and sell 100,000 vehicles in a single financial year. In 1985, it started producing at Waluj in Aurangabad. In 1986, it managed to produce and sell 500,000 vehicles in a single financial year. In 1995, it rolled out its ten millionth vehicles and produced and sold 1 million vehicles in a year. Kamalnayan Bajaj not only consolidated the group, that a homogeneous diversified into various manufacturing activities.The contribute prexy of the group, Rahul Bajaj, took charge of the business in 1965. Under his leadership, the turnover of the Bajaj Auto the flagship company has g bingle up from Rs. 72 millio n to Rs. 46. 16 billion (USD 936 million), its product portfolio expanded and the defacement has found a global doet. He is wiz of Indias most distinguished business leaders and internationally respected for his business acumen and entrepreneurial spirit. Page 3 of 23 3 BAJAJ automobile LTD November 14, 2009 2. 0 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO Product Portfolio Two Wheelers Three Wheelers Entry direct Mid Level PeformancePassenger Carrier Goods Carrier Platina 100cc & 125 cc DTSi Kristal DTSi XCD cxxxv cc DTSi recrudesce 100cc & 135 cc DTSi Pulsar 150, 180, 200 & 220 cc DTSi avenger 200 DTSi RE-2 snapshot 2 diesel motor & CNG RE 4 Stroke Diesek & CNG GC MAx Diesel & CNG In 1972, it introduced Ba Bajaj Chetek. The company form a joint venture with . Maharashtra Scooters in 1975. Bajaj Auto established Waluj merchandise plant in Aurangabad, in 1985. In the following year, the company entered into the proficient tie-up with Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Japan to produce a range of a functi on of two up Japan two-wheelers in India.The company signed agreements with Kubota, Japan for the information of diesel engines for three-wheelers, and with Tokyo research and development for un wheelers, un inclineed Scooter and mope development, in 1995. In 1999, Bajaj Auto commenced the doing at Chakan plant. The company introduced Bajaj Saffire in 2000. In the following year, Bajaj Auto launched Eliminator and Pulsar cycle per seconds. Bajaj Auto launched Bajaj Wind 125, Pulsar 150cc and 180cc sports styled cycles, in 2 180cc 2001. In the next year, Bajaj Auto launched Bajaj CT100 and Bajaj Discover DTS The company DTS-i. aunched Bajaj Discover, Bajaj retaliator DTS i, and Bajaj Wave DTS in 2005. In DTS-i, DTS-i, the following year, it launched Bajaj Platina. Bajaj Auto launched 200 cc Pulsar DT DTSi, and Bajaj Kristal DTS-i in February 2007. Bajaj Auto started a invigorated plant at i Pantnagar, Uttarakhand in April 2007. In the following month, the company demerged to for m three separate entities Bajaj Auto (automobiles) Bajaj Holdings and Investment Limited (an investment company) and Bajaj Finserv Limited (wind ited index and financial services company).Bajaj Auto launched its XCD 125 DTS DTS-Si, a 125cc motor bike in kinfolk 2007. In May 2008, Bajaj Auto, Renault and Nissan Corporation formed a joint-venture company to develop, produce and merchandise the car ure code-named ULC with sell price range starting from $2500. The joint named joint-venture company would be 50% owned by Bajaj Auto, 25% by Renault and 25% by Nissan, and to get the plant in Chakan (Maharashtra assign) in India with an initial (Maharashtra planned capacity of 400,000 units per year. In February 2009, Bajaj launched XCD Page 4 of 23 4BAJAJ simple machine LTD November 14, 2009 135 cc DTSi. Bajaj Auto has a distribution network in 50 countries and strawman in India, Sri Lanka, Colombia, Bangladesh, Mexico, Central America, Peru and Egypt. The company has global partne rships with the shipping lines of Maersk Sealand, P&O Nedloyd and APL. The companys subsidiaries entangle Bajaj Auto International Holdings, a 100% Netherlands based subsidiary and PT Bajaj Indonesia which assembles and marts Pulsars in Indonesia. 2. 1 Product life cycle of the various products is shown below.INTRODUCTION level Products comparable Discover 100 DTSi and Pulsar 220cc. GROWTH STAGE Products homogeneous Discover 135 cc have a gravid potential to grow and become mart leaders in their segment. MATURITY STAGE Products like Bajaj Pulsar 150 180cc are at their maturity arrange. DECLINE STAGE Bikes like Avenger, Platina, Pulsar 200 cc market have ready substitutes visible(prenominal) resulting in surmount carry and lower market fortune. 2. 2 A BCG matrix OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS ARE SHOWN BELOW STARS BAJAJ PULSAR SERIES discover 100cc COWS DISCOVER 125CC DISCOVER 135CC Page 5 of 23 5QUESTION MARK XCD 125CC PLATINA 100cc DOGS AVENGER KRYSTAL BAJAJ auto LTD November 14 , 2009 3. 0 Key Brands Top Three in terms of volume and revenue 1. Bajaj Pulsar 2. RE (3 wheeler) 3. Bajaj Discover 3. 1 Bajaj Pulsar It is a motorcycle brand owned by Bajaj Auto in India. It was developed by the product engineering division of Bajaj Auto in association with motorcycle agent Glynn Kerr, Tokyo RD. Currently on that point are four variants available with engine capacities of 150cc, 180cc and two variants with capacities of 220cc. More than a million units of Pulsar were sold by November 2005.Pulsar 200 variant was discontinued in July 2009. With monthly sales of more than 48,000 units in June 2009, Pulsar is the leader in the 150 cc + segment in India with a market share of 43%. The following is the sales info of Pulsar Brand for the last five months. calendar month Sales (Units) June 48062 July 49621 August September October 65000 55413 56000 3. 2 RE (3 Wheeler) The lead story three wheeler manufacturers in India are Bajaj Auto, Mahindra Mahindra and the Italy- based Piaggio. In the three wheeler segment, the classification is broadly in terms of baby buggy and passenger vehicles.Since the former does have a precise bound capacity to carry goods and is not preferred by many a(prenominal), the three wheeler manufacturers are more into the passenger three wheelers. Bajaj Auto has a range of models for passenger three wheelers namely RE 2S,RE 4S,RE 4S CNG,RE 4S LPG,RE Diesel and RE Diesel mega . Page 6 of 23 6 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 TVS Motor has deep entered the fray with its own model of a three wheeler and with the market recording an impressive 18% CAGR rate over the last fiscal, the three wheeler manufacturers still have plenty to laugh about. 3. . Discover The Bajaj Discover a motorcycle made by Bajaj Auto in Chakan, India, debuted in 2004. This is the second indigenous bike from Bajaj. During mid 2005, the Discover was made a single variant model. It was revamped with new graphics, and other features like sns(spring in spring) suspension, self-start, and so forth The Bajaj Discover has been the highest selling 125 cc bike in India since the day of its inception and has proven to be a very popular administrator commuter. 135cc model has of late released which features a front disk brake, auto-start and black load wheels.The following are the sales figure for the last two months for Bajaj Discover. Month Sales (Units) September 94000 October 95139 4. 0 Positioning of the top three brands of the company 4. 1 Pulsar Pulsar was launched in direct competition to the paladin Hondas CBZ model in 150 cc plus segment. The campaign bore innovative drone line of Definitely staminate positioning Pulsar to be a masculine- awaiting model with an salute to the performance sensitive customers. The Pulsar went one step ahead of Hero Hondas CBZ and launched a twin variant of Pulsar with the 180 cc model.The model was a great success and has already crossed 1 million mark in sales. The Big Idea was to positio n the bike as Worlds first gear bike endowed with a gender. Page 7 of 23 7 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 Pulsar changed its tagline to The Fastest Indian for its 220cc bike. After dumping the Definitely manly tagline, Pulsar advertisements n invariably were a thriller. The product qualities made the brand a grand success. The new ad and new tagline gives a remarkable boost to this brand. It is very wise for the brand to own the highest superlative.Pulsar has owned the Fastest superlative, which means other brand cannot be spryer than the fastest. This is a powerful positioning schema adopted by the brand. Pulsar has become synonymous with Bajaj. It single handedly brought Bajaj from a state where it was thought that it would be sold or it was running for family prestige. Pulsar Mania was suppositional to be the answer to MTV hero Honda roadies which had become synonymous plus a adult success surrounded by the youth. Target Audience Bajaj rumped the 18-24 with Pulsar bu t afterward found that the brand appealed to a much older audience.This helped Bajaj to change its keister audience to 21-35 years 4. 2 Discover Pulsar helped Bajaj to establish itself as a serious player in the Indian motorcycle market. Bajaj had failures in establishing its presence in the executive director segment where Hero Hondas Splendour rules. Hence Bajaj launched Discover DTSI with Page 8 of 23 8 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 much fanfare. The brand ambassador was none less than the legendary Jackie Chan. Things were perfect for a bestseller. tho had Discover delivered? Still, No.This was partly because Bajaj was still struggling with the positioning of its brand. The same demerit was done with Calibre. Bajaj was assay to sell Discover by its looks. just now because the new commercial suggested something else. The new commercial with a Harry ceramist look alike was healthy executed but had no selling significance. What was being communicated to the customer? Just like the Hoodibaba campaign involving cartoon characters which very killed the product, Discover campaigns was based on fantasy. Positioning has to be realistic and hould severalize the product from its competitors. That is the theory and it works too. So, Bajaj decided that the platform at which Discover is going to be placed is going to be sold as both stylish and performance bike. This bike is the perfect choice for the commonwealth with average height as great deal with more six feet of height may face some difficulty in adjusting their knee position on the tank. Otherwise, this bike offers the great comfort and handling due to its well placed seat and handles. It offers a good mileage of 70-80 kmpl. Therefore it is positioned as a fuel efficient bike.Also, Bajaj wanted to make this bike for masses, so it launched Discover in different variants of 100cc, 125cc, and 135cc. Next year Bajaj is also mean to launch the Page 9 of 23 9 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 bike i n 150 cc to cater the inevitably of the power supperless people who cant afford Pulsar. So overall Bajaj is trying to position Discover as a bike for each segment of people. 4. 3 Bajaj Auto (3-Wheeler) Talk of passenger vehicle, and first thing that comes to straits is Bajaj Auto. It is very popular throughout India, and people use them in preferably frequently as daily means of transport.Bajaj in auto rickshaws, is already the global market leader. In the domestic market of approximately 6 million motorcycles annually. Bajaj Auto launches eco-friendly auto rickshaw the vehicle incorporates the latest flatulence Technology the botch upoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine, to achieve substantially lower emissions than even alternative clean fuels like Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Combusted Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles 5. 0 Competitors and the differentiation of each based on positioning 5. 1 Pulsar Key Competitors Apache CBZ Hunk Karizma Pulsar is the Flagship brand of B ajaj.It has been the great success story of modern Bajaj from Hamara Bajaj to Distinctly forwards . The basic differentiation strategy, stiff with the first movers advantage, was the technological edge it had over others (Using a patented engineering). It fuse performance with killer looks, unlike any of its predecessors was targeted to capture the minds of youth which it did with great success. It was the first bike which took India towards full auto-ignition and power bikes. Every now and then it comes with something new and innovative and no doubt Bajaj bikes have mass appeal as well.TVS With its presence in 160 cc and 180 cc market it is the most potent threat to Pulsar, but erratic nature of TVS motors may pull it down in the longer run. Honda / Hero Honda The real first mover in 150 cc segment, with CBZ has been the traditional rival, has unceasingly been at that place but has never been really able to really contest pulsars supremacy. It has launched Hunk and Karizma but never lived up Page 10 of 23 10 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 to the expectations because of its steep price as against the brand of Pulsar that has a presence across all the segments (150, 180, 200, 220) ranging from Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 80,000. 5. 2 Bajaj Auto Commercial Vehicles Key Competitors Mahindra and Mahindra Piaggio In the three wheeler segment, the classification is broadly in terms of carriage and passenger vehicles. Since the former does have a very limited capacity to carry goods and is not preferred by many, the three wheeler manufacturers are more into the passenger three wheelers. Bajaj Auto has a range of models for passenger three wheelers namely RE 2S, RE 4S, RE 4S CNG, RE 4S LPG, RE Diesel and RE Diesel Mega while its existing carriage three wheeler is called GC 1000.It has enjoyed monopoly in this market. In this segment it achieved differentiation on basis of trust and reliability from its competitors moreover it had a huge first movers advantage. The b asic customers for this product are low end business men. Mahindra Mahindra has got the Champion range of three wheelers. There are Champion nibble up and Champion delivery vans while the Champion Passenger carrier is mostly seen in the western parts of the country. The Alfa three wheeler carriages of the MM has a wide and tall cabin, heavy duty gear box, unique designed chassis and hydraulic shock absorbers.The Italian auto major Piaggio manufactures Ape 50 in association with Bajaj Auto at Pune with a 150cc engine. This three-wheeler has different body forms and matches the specifications of various countries wherever it is produced. TVS Motor has recently entered the fray with its own model of a three wheeler and with the market recording an impressive 18% CAGR rate over the last fiscal. 5. 3 Discover Key Competitors Ambition ( Hero Honda ) Splendor CD break of day Star City Page 11 of 23 11 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 The Discovers as of now seems to enjoy a bull run in the market as there is no visible issue from anyone.It beats its competition on both looks as well as power in fact it doesnt have any direct completion in 135 cc segment. The target customer for this bike is the shopping centre aged middle class who are looking for a bike with a bit of looks a bit of power, a bit of thrift as well as an affordable price. 6. 0 Key merchandising communications and the evolution of the same since 1995. Bajaj was the undisputed ruler of the Indian 2-wheeler market . It continued its domination in through the 1980 into mid 1990s. Then the tagline apply to be HAMARA BAJAJ .This brand determine was employed to instil a patriotic fervour in the minds of the middle classed dominated Indian society. With this campaign they tried to reach the masses, which had dreams and aspirations to become big. Hamara Bajaj . Became a household jingle and Bajaj marched to become the leading two wheeler manufacturer in the absence of any of import completion. D uring this phase Bajaj had a monopoly over the scooter market with its flagship brand Chetak. But by the beginning of 1990 things started to change new players were entering the market in JV with the local entities.New and advanced engineering was now available. Honda aligned with energising and Hero group of Munjals while Suzuki partnered with TVS. Hamara Bajaj was facing the brunt without any partners and new technology to harbour them. They were continuously focusing on continuous reduction of production cost, thus overlooking the threat of new entrants consequently their market share kept on declining. Page 12 of 23 12 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 Declining market Share of Bajaj The biggest problem faced by the Bajaj was that it was losing the scooter market. throng were no longer interested in scooters as the market was looded with many new models and variants. Honda was gaining momentum in the Indian market. By 1998 Bajaj was looking right down the barrel. They were fa cing a tough choice To replace a legend is never easy. To replace a legend when the legacy of necessity a major overhaul is even more difficult, but desperate situations call for desperate measures, Bajaj auto decided to go big time into motorcycles and do away with its flagship brand of Chetak. During this passage they launched several products boxer Caliber Wind 115 Saffair Legend Page 13 of 23 13 BAJAJ AUTO LTDNovember 14, 2009 But somehow they all failed to capture the target market. Ever since losing its leadership position, Bajaj Auto Limited (BAL) was trying out new strategies including use of new technology and new marketing communication campaigns. For instance, in the early 2000s it started focusing more on the motorcycle market with new product launches, complemented by new communication campaigns to inject vibrancy into the Bajaj brand. The ad spots launched in late 2001 showed slice of life situations of new age India. . porters beers 5 Forces for Bajaj during 19 90sBy now Bajaj had come a long way from Hamara Baja to its latest content, trying to capture the new India, the young India, the fast paced India, and The ever changing India. With this intention Bajaj made a last effort re-launch itself, dislodge the Hamara Bajaj in the minds of the young vibrant India. Page 14 of 23 14 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 But it failed to gel in the market. The Bajaj was dying. Its JV with Kawasaki was falling apart and the killer blow came from Hero Honda CBZ in 1999. First time in its lifetime the market share of Bajaj went below 40%.The Change in the Brand message of Bajaj From Hamara Bajaj they transformed to Inspiring Confidence, thus trying to evince on the fact they are such an old name in the market and their name inspires confidence. But unfortunately this did not work for them and indoors two years they again changed their tagline to Distinctly Ahead. This time around they express on the fact that they had better technology than anybody else in the market. And it worked. For that they went for a accomplished overhaul. Page 15 of 23 15 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009Bajaj logo Brand transformation They underwent a complete change in the brand image they changed their logo, which was done in 2004. The reason behind Bajaj changing its logo was that people used to associate Bajaj with its old image of Hamara Bajaj and carrying that image Bajaj was not able to communicate its message that effectively to the youth who is its major target customer now as the market for the scooters is almost over and 80% of the 2-wheeler market is covered by bikes. The new logo flying B as it has been named represents style and technology.It connotes speed and open for denotes transparency. Today Bajaj is known with Distinctively Ahead . The recent ad campaigns for Bajaj are associated with stunts and modern gizmos. The concept of Definitely Male was well accepted by the people and Bajaj came out with some amazing ads. Though the DTSi technology was new, people accepted it very well. It easily conveyed the message it wanted to. The following picture strips conveys the advertisement Getting on to his bike, a man gets all set to make a move. As he puts his helmet on, a message appears on the windshield,While the biker cruises through the city, some army men are out for their jog. Just before they cross a road, a zebra crossing forms ahead them and disappears after them, while the biker waits patiently. Page 16 of 23 16 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 A young lady talks to her comrade on the phone, while an image of his forms before her. She switches the phone off and the image disappears, in time for her to catch a glimpse of the bike. Riding on, he spots a child playing with a remote controlled toy. In the next shot the toy turns out to be a gyre coaster, with children inside enjoying the ride.On arriving home, the biker is greeted by a As he takes off his helmet everything turns robotic dog. back to its usual self. MVO Imagine a world as advanced as the new Pulsar DTSi After these ads were successful, Bajaj came out with a second ad wherein a man is shown performing various stunts on his DTSi Pulsar. Even this one was an big(p) one. . The Latest Pulsar Campaign Page 17 of 23 17 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 DTSi came out to be a good one with proper furtherance advertisements and that too without any extremely paid brand ambassadors.Unlike its rivals who have highly paid actors or cricket stars as their brand ambassador. 7. 0 The Future Although the avalanche of motorcycles offered Indian consumers a wide variety of models to choose from, it also resulted in increased pressure on the companies to concentrate on cost-cuts, technology enhancements, upgrades and styling. Their margins came under pressure as marketing costs escalated. The companies were forced to reduce prices and offer discounts to survive the competition. Moreover, analysts were skeptical about the segments ability to maintain the product rate in the years to come.One of the major assumptions underlying the motorcycles rush was that if the market was considerably large and was growing at a constant pace, there was room for a profitable existence for all brands. In 2001, there were over 30 motorcycle brands in the market. However, with the top five brands account statement for more than 60% of the market, only 40% of the market was available for all other new brands put together. Despite the launch of more vehicles, the excerpt prospects of many of the individual brands were deemed to be rather bleak. Page 18 of 23 18 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 SWOT Analysis for Bajaj AutoFurther, the growth in the motorcycle segment was dependant on continuing favorable market conditions. Analysts claimed that to prolong this growth rate, the segment would have to completely cannibalize the market for scooters and a considerable part of the market for scooterettes and mopeds. Considering the fast gro wing scooters segment, with high demand from female customers, followed by the moderately growing moped segment and the restructuring in the scooter segment with major national and foreign players reinforcing their presence, it was unlikely that the finished growth in the two-wheeler sector would be due to motorcycles.Analysts also commented that as the two-wheeler industry had grown steadily for eight years, stages in the product life cycle would apply to the field sooner, rather than later and the decline stage would invariably come some day. There was little differentiation between the brands being launched apart from styling as most companies had introduced their four-stroke vehicles. Focus on spunky Margin Products Around 50% of the two-wheeler consumers buy high quality products (products of executive and premium segment motorcycles). Margins on these products are higher. Page 19 of 23 19 BAJAJ AUTO LTDNovember 14, 2009 BAL should adopt a deliberate strategy of focusing on e xecutive and premium segment motorcycles and three-wheelers, and a couple of brands on lower-end of motorcycles (to grab the market share) and scooters segment. High margin products Pulsar, Discover, Three-wheelers, Avenger. Low margin products Platina, Scooters, Mopeds. act Hand Market Second hand market in 2-wheeler is one of the most un-tapped market without any competitor. BAL must try and establish a unit dealing with the sales of Second Hand Vehicle something on the lines of Maruti True value and Mahindra First.Car Market With the launch of the low budget car it can capitalize this market as there are not many players in this market and they already have the network and the knowhow of the elements of the local market as well as the technology (from its foreign partners). 7. 1 Recommendations Below are the recommendations Company should keep focusing on the fast growing motorcycle segment. In view of the new threat comprise by Honda Motors in the scooter segment, the comp any needs to review its products line-up and launch new products to cater the changed demand. The company needs to take a look at its ungeared scooter offerings and need to adapt to the latest trends(compete with models like Honda Activa) The company needs to tap the export market more expeditiously as there is a huge potential to make India as the worlds two-wheelers production base. For this, it needs to look for joint ventures abroad. Look to expand their base outside further. It already has a strong presence in Africa and other South Asian Countries. It needs to target the young age group more effectively as this group is extremely trend savvy.The publicise should have a fresh look and the product should live up to the Gen-Xs expectations Focus on Easy Credit Lending In the present economical crisis, Bajaj can utilize its subsidiary, Bajaj insurance in coming up with schemes that will help consumers buy two wheelers on friendly terms. BAL needs to scale up its service cen ters both in numbers and in capacity. Keeping in line with its growth target for the next 5 years, its service centers should not only cater to two wheelers but should also be upgraded to cater to the needs of four wheelers that Bajaj plans to launch.Page 20 of 23 20 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 8. 0 Graphs 8. 1 Sales data of BAL and Industry Comparison. 8. 2 BAL in International Market Page 21 of 23 21 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 8. 3 3 Year Projection for Commercial unit of BAL 9. 1 BAL projection for Domestic Sales Page 22 of 23 22 BAJAJ AUTO LTD November 14, 2009 9. 0 References. Marketing Management by Philip Kotler & Kevin L Keller www. wikipedia. com www. Bajajauto. com www. howstuffworks. com www. bikeadvice. in BAL Annual Report www. youtube. com Page 23 of 23 23

Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 5

The next morning, I awoke to breathless news from Rosalyns servants that her prized dog, Penny, had been attacked. Mrs. Cartwright summ unity and scarcely(a)d me to her daughters chambers, saying nothing had halt Rosalyn from calling. I tried to comfort her, besides her wracking sobs never abated.The whole time, Mrs. Cartwright kept giving me disapproving glances, as if I should be doing a break dance job calming Rosalyn.Y select me, Id verbalise at one point, if only toou appease her. At that, Rosalyn had flung her builds around me, crying so hard into my shoulder that her tears left a wet sword on my waistcoat. I tried to be sympathetic, but I felt a stab of annoyance at the track she was carrying on. After all, Id never carried on standardized that when my mother had died. arrive hadnt let me.You view as to be strong, a fighter, hed verbalize at the funeral. And so I was. I didnt cry when, moreover a week after Mothers death, our nanny, Cordelia, began absentmind edly humming the cut lullaby Mother had always sung. Not when Father took wad the portraying of Mother that had hung in the straw man room. Not even when Artemis, Mothers favorite horse, had to be put bring down.Did you see the dog? Damon regarded, as we walked into town together that shadow to get a drink at the tavern. Now that the dinner party where I was to publicly propose to Rosalyn was effective days away, we were heading forbidden for a whiskey to celebrate my impending nuptials. At least, thats what Damon called it, elongating his accent to a apartwork forcet Charlestonian drawl and wiggling his eyebrows as he said it. I tried to grinning as if I sight it was a great joke, but if I began verbaliseing, I knew I wouldnt be able to hold back my dispirit ab reveal marrying Rosalyn. And there wasnt anything wrong with her. It was except it was just that she wasnt Katherine.I dour my thoughts back to Penny. Y Its es. throat had a gash in it, but whatever the anim al was didnt go for her innards. Strange, right? I said as I rushed to keep up with him. The army had made him stronger and faster. Its a strange time, brother, Damon said. Maybe its the Yankees, he teased with a smirk.As we walked down the cobblestone streets, I noticed signs affixed to most doorways A retort of one hundred dollars was being offered to anyone who embed the wild animal liable for the attacks. I stargond at the sign. Maybe I could play it, then halt the money and buy a train ticket to Boston, or parvenue Y ork, or some(a) city where no one could find me and no one had ever heard of Rosalyn Cartwright. I smiled to myself that would be something Damon big businessman actually dohe never worried ab go forth consequences or other peoples feelings. I was about to point out the sign and ask what hed do with one hundred dollars when I saw someone deadly waving at us in front of the apothecary.argon those the Salvatore brothers? a voice called from up the street. I squinted across the twilight and saw Pearl, the apothecary, stand outside her shop with her daughter, Anna. Pearl and Anna were 2 more victims of the war. Pearls husband had died at the Vicksburg siege just last spring. After that, Pearl had found a ingleside in occult Falls, and she ran an apothecary that was always busy. Jonathan Gilbert, in particular, was almost always there when I walked by, complaining about some ail custodyt or purchasing some remedy or another. town gossip was that he fancied her.Pearl, you remember my brother, Damon? I called as we walked everywhere the square to greet them.Pearl smiled and nodded. Her face was unlined, and a game among the girls was move to determine how old she was. She had a daughter who was only a some years recenter than me, so she couldnt be that young. Y two for certain lookou handsome, she said fondly. Anna was the spitting image of her mother, and when they stood side by side, the two looked as if they could be sisters.An na, you look more beautiful each year. Are you old plentiful to be going to dances yet? Damon asked, a coruscation in his eye. I smiled despite myself. Of course Damon would be able to juggle both a mother and a daughter.Almost, Anna said, her eyes sparkling in anticipation. Fifteen was the age when girls were old enough to stay through dinner and hear the band strike up a waltz.Pearl apply a wrought-iron key to lock the apothecary, then false to face us. Damon, end you do me a favor? Can you make sure Katherine gets on tomorrow night? Shes a humply girl, and, well, you whap how people talk about strangers. I knew her in Atlanta.I promise, Damon said solemnly.I stiffened. Was Damon escorting Katherine tomorrow night? I hadnt thought shed place to the party, and I couldnt imagine proposing in front of her. hardly what choice did I have? Tell Father that Katherine wasnt invited? Not propose to Rosalyn?Have fun tonight, boys, Pearl said, breaking me out of my reverie.Wait I c alled, the dinner momentarily forgotten.Pearl turned around, a quizzical expression on her face.Its dark, and there have been more attacks. Would you bid us to escort you ladies home? I asked.Pearl shook her head. Anna and I are strong women. Well be fine. Besides She blushed and glanced around, as if afraid to be overheard. I believe Jonathan Gilbert wants to do that for us. But I do thank you for your concern.Damon wiggled his eyebrows and let out a low whistle. Y know how I feel about strong women,ou he whispered.Damon. Be appropriate, I said, slugging him on the shoulder. After all, he wasnt on the battlefields anymore. He was in Mystic Falls, a town where people liked to eavesdrop and get byd to talk. Had he forgotten so quickly?Okay, Auntie Stefan Damon teased, raising his voice in a high lisp. I laughed despite myself and slugged him again on the arm for good measure. The punch was light, but felt gooda way to unleash some of my annoyance that he was able to escort Katheri ne to the dinner.He good-naturedly slugged me back, and we would have broken out into an all-out brotherly enmity if Damon hadnt pushed open the wooden door to the Mystic Falls Tavern. We were immediately greeted by an enthusiastic smile from the voluptuous, red-haired barmaid behind the counter. It was clear that Damon had made himself at home here on several occasions.We elbowed our way to the back of the tavern. The room smelled of sawdust and sweat, and men in uniform were everywhere. Some had bandages on their heads, others wore slings, and some hobbled to the counter on crutches. I recognized Henry, a dark-skinned soldier who practically lived at the tavern, inebriety whiskey alone in a corner. Robert had told me stories about him He never socialized with anyone, and no one ever saw him in the light of day. There was talk that maybe he was associated with the attacks, but how could he be, if he was always at the tavern?I peeled my eyes away to take in the rest of the scene. There were older men tightly grouped in a corner, playing cards and drunkenness whiskey and, in the opposite corner, a few women. I could recount from the rouge on their cheeks and their painted fingernails that they werent the types to spend time with our childhood playmates, clementine tree Haverford or Amelia Hawke. As we walked past, one of them brushed my arm with her painted fingernails.Y like it here? Damon pulled out a woodenou table from the wall, an entertained smile on his face.I suppose I do. I plunked down on the hard wooden bench and surveyed my surroundings once again. be in the tavern, I felt Id stumbled into a secret society of men, just one more thing I knew Id have little rule to discover before I was a married man and anticipate to be at home every evening. Ill get us some drinks, Damon said, making his way to the bar. I watched as he rested his elbows on the counter and easily talked to the barmaid, who tilted her head back and laughed as if hed said somet hing hilarious. Which he probably had. Thats why all women fell in love with him.So, how does it feel to be a married man?I turned around to see Dr. Janes behind me. Well into his seventies, Dr. Janes was slightly senile and a great deal loudly proclaimed to anyone whod listen that his longevity was due exclusively to his grandiloquent indulgence in whiskey.Not married yet, Doctor. I smiled tightly, wishing Damon would come back with our drinks.Ah, my boy, but you will be. Mr. Cartwright at the bank has been discussing it for weeks. The fair young Rosalyn. Quite a catch Dr. Janes continued loudly. I glanced around, hoping no one had heard.At that moment, Damon appeared and gently slump our whiskeys on the table. Thank you, I said, drinking mine down in one gulp. Dr. Janes hobbled away.That thirsty, huh? Damon asked, taking a underage sip of his own drink.I shrugged. In the past, Id never kept secrets from my brother. But talking about Rosalyn felt dangerous. Somehow, no matter w hat I said or felt, I still had to marry her. If anyone heard even an glimmering of regret from me, thered be no end to the talk.Suddenly, a new whiskey appeared in front of me. I glanced up to see the pretty barkeep Damon had been talking to standing over our table.Y look like you invite this. Seems youve had out a rough day. The barmaid winked one of her green eyes and set the sweating tumbler on the rough-hewn wooden table in front of me.Thank you, I said as I took a small, welcome sip.Anytime, the barmaid said, her crinoline skirts swishing over her hips. I watched her retreating back. All the women in the tavern, even those with clean reputations, were more interesting than Rosalyn. But no matter who I glanced at, the only image that filled my mind was Katherines face.Alice likes you, Damon observed.I shook my head. You know I cant look. By the you end of summer, Ill be a married man. Y ou, meanwhile, are free to do as you please. Id meant it to be an observation, but the words came out as a judgment.Thats true, Damon said. But you do know you dont have to do something just because Father says so, right?Its not that simple. I clenched my jaw. Damon couldnt date because he was wild and untamableso much so that Father had entrusted me, the junior brother, with the future of Veritas, a role I now found stifling.A sliver of betrayal shot through me at this thoughtthat it was Damons jailbreak I had to shoulder so much responsibility. I shook my head, as if trying to remove the idea from it, and took another drink of whiskey.Its very simple, Damon said, listless to my momentary annoyance. Just tell him you are not in love with Rosalyn. That you need to find your own place in the world and cant just follow someones orders blindly. Thats what I learned in the army Y have to believe in what you do. Otherwise, ou whats the point?I shook my head. Im not like you. I trust Father. And I know he only wants the best. Its just that I wish I wish I had more time , I said finally. It was true. Maybe I could grow to love Rosalyn, but the thought that I could be married and have a child in just one short year filled me with dread. But itll be fine, I said with finality. It had to be.What do you think of our new houseguest? I said, changing the subject.Damon smiled. Katherine, he said, drawing the name into the full three syllables, as if he could taste it on his tongue. Now, shes a girl whos difficult to strain out, dont you agree?I suppose, I said, dexterous that Damon didnt I suppose, I said, glad that Damon didnt know that I was dreaming of Katherine at night, and by day pausing at the door to the carriage house to see if I could hear her express feelings with her maid once I even stopped by the motionless to smell the broad back of her horse, Clover, just to see if her lemon and peppiness scent had lingered. It hadnt, and at that moment, in the barn surrounded by the horses, Id realized how unbalanced I was becoming.They dont make gi rls like her in Mystic Falls. Do you think she has a soldier somewhere? Damon asked.No I said, annoy once again. Shes in mourning for her parents. I hardly think shes feel for a beau.Of course. Damon knit his eyebrows together contritely. And I wasnt presuming anything. But if she needs a shoulder to cry on, Id be happy to lend it to her.I shrugged. blush though Id brought up the subject, I was no longer sure I wanted to hear what Damon thought of her. In fact, as beautiful as she was, I almost wished that some far-flung relatives from Charleston or capital of Virginia or Atlanta would step forward to invite her to live with them. If she were out of sight, then maybe I could somehow force myself to love Rosalyn.Damon stared at me, and I knew in that moment how miserable I must have looked. Cheer up, brother, he said. The night is young, and the whiskeys on me.But there wasnt enough whiskey in all of Virginia to make me love Rosalyn or stymy about Katherine.

Oedipus: the Fate of Poweruful a King Essay

Imagine being a hero, and your destiny is to charge your father and marry your mother. This is Oedipuss fate. When he was still a luxuriate, his parents comprehend of the prophecy they had a shepherd take Oedipus to Kithairon to die. Thither the shepherd gave the baby to another shepherd from Corinth, where Oedipus was given to the king and queen. In Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, Oedipus proves himself to be a tragical hero by exhibiting the four traits of a tragic hero goodness, superiority, tragic defect and tragic realization. Oedipus has goodness, the first trait of a tragic hero.Oedipus is determined to solve the problem in Thebes, and declare to Creon that at once more he must bring what is dark to light (9). Oedipus is saying that he wants to do what is good for his country. He is good because he has already relieve Thebes once and he wants to save Thebes again. Later, Oedipus is talking around his wife with Creon and says, Everything that she wants she has from me(31). O edipus is impressive Creon that he provides for his wife, not nevertheless Thebes. This shows goodness because he cares for his family, not only his country. Oedipuss goodness may help him now, but his superiority may not help him.Oedipus second trait is superiority. The priest proclaimed huge Oedipus O powerful King of Thebes (4). The priest is saying that Oedipus is basically one and only(a) of the best kings Thebes ever had. This shows that Oedipus is superior because people think highly of him. Oedipus asked Teiresias to stimulate to him to help solve the problem. Teiresias is hinting that Oedipus kil lead Lais, Oedipus got mad at him, so Oedipus starts comparing himself to Teiresias, wealth, power, invention of statesmanship, kingly position, everywhere admired (21), unlike Teiresias. Oedipus is saying that he is bankrupt than the rest, since he is king. This proves that Oedipus self-esteems himself and thinks he is better than the people in his country. Superiority is something everyone should have, tear down heroes but some also have flaws.Oedipus has hubris, which is his tragic flaw and it led him to his end. Oedipus thinks Creon, whom he trusted, Creon his friend, for this power Creon desires on secret to destroy him (21), when Teiresias told him approximately Laios death. Here Oedipus is charge Creon of trying to destroy his power. This shows his pride because he is blind by his trust and cant limit that its his fault. When pride still blinded Oedipus, he would keep on asking questions about his birth, hed tell his wife of Go on of you, and bring the shepherd here (57). Oedipus needs the shepherd that could help find out more about his birth. This explains his pride because he keeps asking questions and still cant see the answer while Iocosta already found out what really happened. His flaw that blinded him and led him to realize something, he was wrong the entire time.The last trait Oedipus has is tragic realization. When Oedipus comp permite what was happening and that he was the one to blame, he told everybody for the last time O Light, may I find out on you the last time I Oedipus, Oedipus, ill-omened in his birth, in his marriage, damned, damned in the blood he shed with his own hand (64) Oedipus realized that he was wrong the whole time and that he was damned in his birth. This shows that even though he was a hero, his pride was there more that it should have been and it made him fall hard.No more, no more shall you look on the misery of my own doing Too long have you cognize the faces of those whom I should never have seen. Too long been blind to those for whom I was searching (69). These were Oedipuss last words. He was looking for a trade name and when he saw Iocasta dead, he took her brooches and poked his eye out, because it was a greater injury than just death. As you can see, Oedipus realized everything he had done and he had to punish himself.You can see that even though Oedipus was a hero, his pride ate his soul more than it should have and it caused himself to poke out his eyes. So you know that Oedipus has the four traits of a tragic hero. Now think about your flaw. Does it make you fall, or you cant see whats decent in front of you because you are too blind to see it? So dont be like Oedipus, dont let superiority and tragic flaw lead you to defeat.

Duties of a Citizen

Recently you wonat be take ining an Ameri give the gate citizen administer much rough anything other than them selves. Their main priority is to en accredited the apotheosis of their guard lives. That is non macrocosm a erect citizen though. Making sure your needs atomic number 18 met before you look up and see what you lavatory help with is corrupt and selfish. We need to c atomic number 18 more about how we usher out help our country and what we need to do to be a good citizen. Having slang goals, consistent ideals, and union is what makes a country powerful so when any of these comp hotshotnts are lacking, a country and its citizens will weaken, which is happening in America.Being a citizen of America has be fare virtu on the wholey insignificant to our passel, and is at present crippling us. These three components depend upon one another to ensure the competency of a country. We must value all these elements to check our loyalty for our countries endeavors. spec ifically the ideals should be based on the standards your country wants, since it is the structure to your countryas government. exclusively ideals consist of what you and your country should value in your beliefs, ethics, and principals so the people can jointly support their country.Our ideals (especially American) scram been accepted by each resultant generation until recently. Unity is a common understanding and belief deep down a group of people it is joining together for an ultimate cause. Goals are the start of our countries ambition to aim for our desired result and produce the ware of our efforts. The ideals however establish a consensus on what we value or turn over in as a country, it creates boundaries on our moral standard. We have to retain true to our constitution and the morals that were founded with it. To stray off and feel super to your own ideals is no exception.That is what breaks the core and ruins our countries long lasting policies. Being a country of the people, for allthing from the military to the government to the public should be equally coupled in the same goals. The government however is the power that should listen then(prenominal) voice the verdict of our decisions. They should act upon the publicas best interests, and not unity out any party or group whose stance on a matter should be determined as any little significant. If a decision is detrimental to anyoneas life in the everyday public, then it is likely there will be more than one person affected by the same things.The government should act upon their doings with precision and a conscious understanding of their impact on everyone. dependant on the necessity of their actions an act should not be passed if it is going to rotate take down a minority in the populations opinions. With this we can determine clear goal sets and be unified. When going through with anything you should always check your tracks to see if you stomped on any bugs. Through out the Viet nam War these ingredients were missing for the American position. It doesnat matter if the opponent is right or damage, but if you are next these tactics, you will be successful.Ho Chi Minh and his communist by-line was ensuing power through authority and fear. Due to the fear he was possessing in more of the Vietnamese civilians, he was able to create unity for the goal sets he was trying to reach. His methods consisted of using fear over his people to squeeze out the product he desired. Once the people sawing machine the product he achieved by communist ideals, Minh created a massive add uping of communist believers to ensure the continuation of reaching their goals and his regime. He established groups such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the NLF to spread his ideals and expand his following, but withal to support all sections of his military.They believed that a? as long as they did not lose, they won. a? Americans on the other hand should have seen their defeat coming. Consta ntly reflecting on the Korean War as a? limiting our lesson,a? we should have taken the cut defeat in Dien Bien Phu as a warning. Americans entered the war, head first with no structure of unity, goal sets, or ideals. Events such as the Tet Offensive had not only initiated a new phase of the war but also showed us that our unity was weak. The US, if unified would have been smarter to not abandon all their cities and create opportunity for the NLF and Vietcong to strike.We would have communicated and sorted our priorities to know our goals before separating into away areas. Other battles like Ia Drang showed the issues with unity and goals that have become noticed because of the misadventure to succeed in communication during them. The Pentagon Papers along with some accumulating immunity news articles revealed much of what went wrong to the public in 1971. When the Americans had already initiated Vietnamization it was to recently to mixture our strategy for the war effort. Th e papers caused discourse within our own country and distrust of our government.They were one of the large breaking points to all the construct up distress over the war. In the papers we lied about the Gulf of Tokin a? attacka? and covered up our faults to our own people. Events such as My Lai concerning Lieutenant William Calley posed even more issues on the moral plea we had in Vietnam, for such things as our a? Free Fire Policya? or a? Search and Destroy Campaign. a? It showed that Americans went against their own ideals when in Vietnam by not treating the Vietnamese with equal liberties, as we would give ourselves.It seemed as though we held a higher standing for ourselves when in Vietnam so we did not follow our own belief of treating all humans as equals. Killing ingenuous civilians without trial, not accepting the cultural difference of nations, using the threat of weaponry as a bribe to follow our beliefs, treating foreigners with out equality, ect. It was all that went w rong in our approach to try and gain the Vietnamese trust. When we went over to Vietnam we showed, a third world country in despair, a country that does not constitute itself by the ideals we arrived there with.In fact we did the exact things we were engagement against and did what we originally founded ourselves to not become, in Vietnam. It was a hypocritical scenario where we couldnat learn from our mistakes until we were at peace(p) and had already lost. In present day Afghan/ Iraq with many of those mistakes from Vietnam still hanging over our heads, we are now pushing to fix. Since Vietnam we have initiated the Special Operations Unit, and founded many other sections of the Military to ensure we donat make those same mistakes.Although many things are still missing from our strategy, such as going against our ideals again in the case of Abu Ghraib, we have come a long way. A friend of mine, Richard Bennett, currently serving in the US Special Opps. Group, and waiting to be de ported to Afghan/ Iraq is anxious to utilize his training. His job will be to train civilians on how to protect and stomach their own government, so they can stand on their own. He has gone through rigorous training to ensure his capability in every situation but as his mother said to me in her interview, a?Richie is anxious to be deported and utilize his traininga but he has expressed his frustrations with the administration concerning the wara like I said, it is the Age of Information, so you can see ninefold sides to every story now. a? Essentially her point was to express that even if there is corruption in Afghan/ Iraq there is practically zip the public cant obtain information on. The publicas judgment on the issues should be heard and taken into consideration by the government to change what they feel is not right based on our ideals.Finally, when analyzing the trends and mistakes we made in Vietnam there is significant improvement of our structure in Afghanistan/ Iraq n ow. Even though we still have our defects as citizens, we should always remember the three components to being successful as a country and as a citizen of that country. The unity, goals, and ideals of a country found their infrastructure. So to be a good citizen you have to work to maintain that, for your country, and for the future of your country.

Festival and Events

Executive unofficial The charity sector is large and growing, and has substantial assets at its disposal. Sport charities straight off form an increasingly authorised part for the local economy and likewise promoting hale living at the same time (Fill, Groan and Fairly, 2012). armed service your racquets A racquet fluctuations charity import organized by sparkling Family. It is a unique sport charity typesetters case as it entirely focuses on racquet based sports, organized to pass on funds to uphold and support single pargonnts in the State of Victoria, Australia. mete out your racquets S to be held at major sporting venues in and around the City of Melbourne on the last dickens weeks of November 2013 with local celebrities taking part in the games to encourage the noble cause aimed at promoting family wellness and healthy living. While sport participation continues to represent a prominent aspect of leisure and deviation, there has to a fault been a pronounced shi ft toward support of charitable causes for both(prenominal) individual consumers and corporations (King, 2001). Giving to charity is a complex decision operate by a variety of motives.Research has shown that reciprocity is an important motivating factor in for charitable donations among young professionals today (Fill, Funk and Obrien, 2010). Reciprocity involves an individual enceinte to charity because he or she has benefited from, or anticipates benefiting from, the charitys central activities. Research has also suggested motives cerebrate to inherent pick ups of donors such as self-esteem and the need to help others (Ruthenium, 2000, as cited in Fill, Funk and Obrien, 2010). 1 . Serve your racquetsThe cerebration/theme of this sports charity is that it only focuses on racquet sports such as tennis, badminton, squash and table tennis and etc to raise funds for single p arnts confront difficulties in their everyday life. It is a unique charity event which is devote to he public all over a period of the last 2 weeks in the month of November 2013, exclusivelyowing more(prenominal)(prenominal) participation from the public. What makes it exciting is that participants of the event is allowed to outwear any costumes they like as long it is not revealing or indecent clothing. The principle of Serve your racquetsThe aim of Serve your racquets Is to educate the great community in order to increase their aw arness of everyday problems/challenges set about by single parents. To do this, sports is involved as it is the most greens activities in the world, with participation in very country and at all levels of society. Sports lead a strong history all levels of society which in turn allows both the participants and the public at large to help those in need by meaner of education and awareness and living a healthy lifestyle at the same time (Fill, Groan and Fairly, 2012).Here is the general insinuate of the purpose of the sports charity event concept The purpose of this concept is so that once completed, evaluations raft be done to see if the event can be delivered success undecomposedy within the available measurehare and resources. This process is known as the feasibility study (Allen, Harris and McDonnell, 2008). There are three steps in the feasibility study related to events. 1 . The marketing screen 2. The trading operations screen 3. The fiscal screen The marketing screen involves examining how the target interview of the event is likely to respond to the event concept (All et al. 008). This meaner that the event managers allow for need to pay a great deal of attention to media responses and the responses (feedbacks) of those who get under ones skin across about the event concept. solution successfully, and whether the event managers ascertain these skills and resources or have access to them (Allen et al. 2002). In this case any resources or skills required or the event are generously available, such as securit y, medical understudy services and food stalls. This screen examines whether the event organization has the sufficient pecuniary commitment, sponsorship and revenue to undertake the event (Allen et al. 008). Optimistically the event impart have some form of sponsorship support as described in the stakeholder section, and if objectives are reached there will be a profit of over blow thousand dollars. The key target of the event The goals of the Serve your racquets Event is to 1. To raise funds to help and support single parents. 2. To attract at least(prenominal)(prenominal) ten thousand attendees during the 2 weakling events. 3. Raise over two hundred and fifty thousand dollars in participation fees alone. 4.To earn intuition from all stakeholders (including the public) during the event to formulate it into a major event. 2. The stakeholders of Serve your racquets Event. L. The personal organizer Starry Family as the main organizer that will be discharge the event. II. Inter nal supply (or Volunteers) The event will require area managers who engineer the activities in each area (in and around the City of Melbourne), guidance staff who inform and direct attendees and participants, medics for health and emergency services and security in case of any unwanted activities and disturbances.Ill. Event planner/manager Event planner and general manager who coordinates and provides logistics for the event. The people who signed up for the event or attending to watch the events. There will be those that come to the event for purely for entertainment reasons, and those who will get involved in buying and selling merchandise. V. Sponsors In the recent decades, sponsorship is no longer seen as a measure of soberwill, besides a primary promotional turncock in the market mix (Conway, 2004). Therefore it is very likely that this event will receive some benefits from sponsors.VI. Media The many forms of media that will be apply to bring forward and advertise the e vent is through social media websites, radio on with newspaper advertisements with details such as date, venue, participant fees and other important event details that participants may be interested in. 3. Marketing/ furtherance With technology growing at a fast pace, marketing/promoting the Serve your racquets event through certain media sources can result in validatory revenue and create more attention to the not only fans of the sports but the broader audience.With the rapid growth in social media websites and the easy-to-access ideal through ingenious phone APS, this form of marketing can become very right in the long run (Wolf, Here, and Walker, 2013). The most commonly used websites to promote a sport charity event through social media are Faceable and Twitter. Besides that, advertisement will be made on newspapers with announcements on the radio. Marketing this event through social media websites can be a very handy way to create awareness and recognition as Faceable has received more than 1. Billion visits a week and twitter receives more than 400 million visits a month (Sullivan, 012). A website linked by social media application will provide the event details such as date, venue, fees and other important event details that participants may be interested in. 4. Contested Meaning Other important decisions that need to be made whilst developing an event concept is the duration of the event and the season, age and times when the event will be held (Allen et al. 2002). The event will be held on the last two weeks of November.Reason being that though it is an outdoor and indoor(a) event the good weather conditions are beneficial as more people would be willing to go out as often as possible. The two weakling events will start on sunlight the seventeenth of November and it will end on Saturday the thirtieth of November. The event times are Weekdays, am pm Weekend, loam pm The weekdays are predicted to attract the seniors and non workers, man the weekend is predicted to attract families and young adults who work on weekdays.The event is anticipate to be held at the Rod Lever Arena and at the Melbourne collection and Exhibition Centre. The reason of the choice of venues is that both host venues has very good access to public transportation and both venues as ample of put to host various racquet games. 6. Community Benefit At least 40% of the collected fees will be used to cover inevitable expenses incurred during the event. Meanwhile, the rest of the 60% of the collected fees along all personal and pledged donations will go 100% directly to Starry Family for the benefits of single parents in the State of Victoria.This will help improve and provide a sustainable path for thousands of single parents. Besides that, the local community has the opportunity to take part in the events to exercise further boosting the image 7. Estimated Economic concussion Starry Family as the organizer will have to rent booths, and tents on ve nues, generating income for the host of the respective sporting venues. Starry Family will also be setting up booths for sport retailers to sell their sport equipment and merchandise as well as souvenirs for the event.Attendees and/or participants will likely spend specie both at the event and in the surrounding community (those travelling to the sporting venues). This will surely boost revenue for businesses located in and round the city as well as making full use of the public transport. 9. List of sponsors solicit for sponsorship has been made to the Commonwealth lust (Australias largest bank), Rebel Sport (sporting and leisure equipment retailer), Mercer (global leader in HER and related financial advice), The City of Melbourne (as the venue partner) and Woolworth (Australias largest food retailer). 0. Media and broadcast coverage There will be media coverage by Channel Ten, BBC local radio as well as the Herald Sun newspaper to report on the highlights and latest happening s during the event. 1 1 . Seeking Government funding Request has been made to the State Government of Victoria for funds to partially over the cost of organizing the event if 100% of all personal and pledged donations are to be made to Singleness (Australias biggest charity for single parents).The contribution of recreation and charity motives in the development of attachment demonstrates motives related to leisure including escape, social, competency, and intellectual. With motives related to charitable giving such as reciprocity, self-esteem, need to help others, and desire to improve the charity play a part in a sport event taking on enhanced importance and greater meaning for participants (Wolf, Here, and walker, 2013).

An Assesment of the Role of the Auditor in Fighting Corruption in an Organization Essay

CHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionReliable invoice and pecuniary shrouding issued by analyzeors help organisations in allocating resources from the society in an efficient manner. Although the primary goal of an organisation is profit making and to allocate limited capital resources to the production of goods and avails for which societys petition is great, a extremely complex phenomenon which is decomposition poses a threat to those goals and services. However, or so organisations spend huge sums of money adopting strategies to fight degeneracy (Whittington et al., 2004). 2.2 History of analyseingThe invent Audit originated from the Latin word analyseus which means, a audience. In the foregoing days, whenever there was suspected corruption in a strain organization, the proprietor of the job would appoint a person to check the accounts and gather up hearing the explanations given by the person responsible for keeping the accounts and funds. In those days , the examine was done to find come out of the closet whether the payments and receipts were properly accounted or non accounted for (http//www.eHow.com). During the advent of the Industrial Revolution, from 1750 to 1850, auditing evolved into a field of contrivance detection and pecuniary accountability. Until then, Auditing existed primarily as a method to maintain governmental account and record-keeping. The incidence of the revolution resulted in businesses expanding thereby resulting in increased trade positions between owners to customers.Resultantly, heed was hired to operate businesses in the owners absences, and owners found an change magnitude need to monitor their monetary activities both for accuracy and fraud prevention. (http//www.eHow.com). In the early 20th century, the report practice of auditors, which involved submitting reports of their duties and findings, was standardized as the Independent attendants Report. The increase in demand for auditors cond uct to the development of the testing process for accuracy and fraud prevention. listeners developed a way to strategically selecting key cases as representative of the comp whatevers performance. This was an affordable alternative to examining every case in detail, needful little time and a good tool for reducing fraud (http//www.eHow.com). 2.3 Overviewof AuditingAuditing is a domineering examination of the books and records of a business or the organization in order to as real or verify and to report upon the facts regarding the financial operate(a) room and the result thereof (Montgomery, 2010,p.6). Again, Loughran (2010, p.5), defines auditing as, the process of investigating information that is prep atomic material body 18d by someone else to de marchesine whether the information is fairly stated. On the an otherwise(prenominal) hand, Arens et al. (2006, p.7), defines auditing as the accumulation of curtilage astir(predicate) information to determine and report on t he level of correspondence between the information and established criteria. Auditing is a systematic process of accusively obtaining and evaluating license regarding assertions about economic actions and events to as legitimate the degree of correspondence between the assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users(Robertson et al., 2002,p.7).According to Knechel (2001,p.42), auditing is the process of providing authorisation about the reliability of the information contained in the financial statements prep atomic number 18d in accordance with Generally Accepted explanation Principles. 2.4 Types of AuditThere atomic number 18 various ways in which the head for the hills performed by the auditor has been categorise or categorized. Each classification or type of audit is unique(p) in that, all(prenominal) type of audit has its own perspective, objective and business organisation. Irrespective of the type of audit existence conducted, the prefatorial processes, guidelines and standards ar fundamentally the same. However, Hall (2005) classifies the types of audits that auditors perform into quadruple 2.4.1 versed AuditThe Institute of infixed Auditors defines congenital audit as an independent function established inside an organisation to examine and evaluate the audit activities as a service to the organisation. Internal audits are conducted by auditors who work for the organization (Ibid). 2.4.2 Information applied science AuditThis is associated with auditors who use technical skills and knowledge toaudit through the figurer system, or provide audit services where processes or data, or both, are embedded in technologies. Hence, IT audit involves the auditing of information technology, computer system and the like. IT audit allows auditors to audit through the database and computer (Ibid).2.4.3 Fraud AuditThis is the newest commonwealth of auditing, arising out of both rampant employee theft of assets and study financial frauds. In such(prenominal)(prenominal) audits, materiality is irrelevant, and the primary goal is an investigation of anomalies not to give assurance. Hence, fraud audit aims at gathering evidence of fraud and where sufficient evidence exist, fraud audit leads to conviction (Ibid). 2.4.4 Financial AuditAlso referred to as external audits, this involves auditors who work independent of the organisation being audited. The audit objective is to give an opinion on the financial statements (Ibid). 2.5 Types of AuditorsThere are a number of different types of auditors however, they can be classified under four headings external auditors, privileged auditors, government auditors, and forensic auditors. One important essential of each type of auditor is independence, in some manner, from the entity being audited (Robertson et al., 2002). 2.5.1 extraneous AuditorsExternal Auditors are often referred to as independent auditors or aware universe accountants (CPAs). S uch auditors are called external because they are not diligent by the entity being audited. However, external auditors audit financial statements for realityly traded and cloistered companies, partnerships, municipalities, several(prenominal)s, and other type of entities. An external auditor whitethorn practice as a sole proprietor or as a phallus of a CPA firm (Robertson et al., 2002). On the other hand, Boynton et al. (2001), describes external auditors as independent having education, training, and thus by virtue of their experience, external auditors are suffice to perform each of the types of activities being the working(a) audit exertion, the audit compliance, and the financial statements audit activity.Operational audit activity has to do with obtaining and evaluating evidenceabout the efficiency and potency of an entitys operating activities in relation to undertake objectives. Further much, compliance audit activity has to do with obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine whether certain financial or operating activities of an entity conform to specified rules, or regulations (Boynton et al., 2001).Finally, the financial statements audit activity has to do with obtaining and evaluating evidence about an entitys financial statements for the purpose of expressing an opinion on whether the financial statements are presented fairly in conformity with established criteria-usually Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Boynton et al.,2001). 2.5.2 Internal AuditorsInternal auditors are auditors sedulous by individual companies, partnerships, government agencies, individuals, and other entities (Messier et al., 2008). Additionally, inseparable auditors are also employed extensively by government and not-for-profit organisations with the principal goal of investigating and appraising the activities with which the various organisational units of the company are carrying out their assigned functions (Whittington et al., 2004). However, in add ition to the provision of consulting services to the organisation, internal auditors pay much attention to the study of internal go out. Again, internal auditors are primarily involved with compliance and useable audit activities. With the operational audit activity having to do with the obtaining and evaluating evidence about the efficiency and effectiveness of an entitys operating activities in relation to specified objectives (Boynton et al., 2001).Furthermore, the compliance audit activity having to do with the obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine whether certain financial or operating activities of an entity conform to specified conditions, rules, or regulations (Boynton et al., 2001). 2.5.3 political sympathies AuditorsGovernment auditors are employed by federal, state, and local agencies. They generally can be considered a subset of the broader menage of internal auditors. At the federal level, two agencies use auditors extensively the Government Accountability Office and the Internal Revenue Service. The Internal Revenue Agents put up their responsibility of enforcing tax laws as defined by congress of sevens and interoperated by the courts. However,the government auditors engage in a wide lam of audit activities, including financial statements audit activity, the compliance audit activity and the operational audit activity (Messier et al., 2008). Financial statements audit activity has to do with the obtaining and evaluating evidence about an entitys financial statements for the purpose of expressing an opinion on whether they are presented fairly in conformity with established criteria-usually Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The compliance audit activity having to do with the obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine whether certain financial or operating activities of an entity conform to specified conditions, rules, or regulations. Finally, the operational audit activity having to do with the obtaining and evaluating evidence about the efficiency and effectiveness of an entitys operating activities in relation to specified objectives (Boynton et al., 2001).2.5.4 rhetorical AuditorsForensic auditors are employed by corporations, government agencies, public accounting firms, and consulting and investigatory services firms. They are trained in detecting, investigating, and deterring fraud and corruption (Boynton et al., 2001). 2.6 Roles of the AuditorThe role of both the internal and external auditor in the business and economic life of the society is very important. Modern business opening moves are quite large and mostly in corporate form wherein partakeholders do not necessarily engage in the running of the management aggroup to run the business on behalf of the shareholders. As a result, management is required to prepare and submit accounts of their stewardship to reflect the true financial position of the entitys activities (Yiadom, 2009). The Role of the Auditor in the Internal ControlIn ternal control is broadly defined as a process, executed by an entitys board of directors, management, and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the movement of objectives in the following internal control categories 1.Effectiveness and efficiency of operations.2.Reliability of financial reporting.3.Compliance with laws and regulations.charge is responsible for internal control. Managers establish policies and processes to help the organization achieve particular proposition objectives in each of these categories. Auditors perform audits to evaluate whether the policies and processes are designed and operating effectively and provide recommendations for improvement (Messier et al., 2008). The Role of the Auditor in embodied GovernanceCorporate governance is a combination of processes and organizational structures utilise by the Board of Directors to inform, direct, manage, and monitor the organizations resources, strategies and policies towards the ac hievement of the organizations objectives. The internal auditor is often considered one of the four pillars of corporate governance, the other pillars being the Board of Directors, management, and the external auditor(Business sack up (online) 2006 http//www.allbusiness.com).A primary focus area of internal auditing as it relates to corporate governance is helping the Audit military commission of the Board of Directors (or equivalent) perform its responsibilities effectively. This may intromit reporting critical internal control problems, informing the Committee privately on the capabilities of key managers, suggesting questions or topics for the Audit Committees meeting agendas, and coordinating with the external auditor(Business entanglement (online) 2006 http//www.allbusiness.com). Role of the Auditor in Risk ManagementAuditing professional standards require the function of the auditor to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the organizations risk management processes. R isk management relates to how an organization sets objectives, then identifies, analyzes, and responds to those risks that could electric potentially impact its ability to realize its objectives. Management performs risk assessment activities as part of the ordinary course of business in each of these categories. Examples include strategic planning, marketing planning, capital planning, budgeting, hedging, incentive payout structure, and credit/lending practices. Sarbanes-Oxley regulations alsorequire extensive risk assessment of financial reporting processes (Business web (online) 2006 http//www.allbusiness.com). Corporate legal counsel often prepares comprehensive assessments of the current and potential litigation a company faces. Internal auditors may evaluate each of these activities, or focus on the processes used by management to report and monitor the risks identified.For example, internal auditors can advise management regarding the reporting of innovative operating measu res to the Board, to help identify emerging risks (Business web (online) 2006 http//www.allbusiness.com). In big organizations, major strategic initiatives are implemented to achieve objectives and drive changes. As a member of senior management, the Chief Audit Executive may participate in status updates on these major initiatives. This places the Chief Audit Executive in the position to report on many of the major risks the organization faces to the Audit Committee, or ensure managements reporting is effective for that purpose (Business web (online) 2006 http//www.allbusiness.com). 2.7 Overview of CorruptionAlthough there is no universal joint or comprehensive definition as to what constitutes corrupt behaviour, most definitions share a common emphasis upon the abuse of public power or position for individualized advantage (Boadi, 2002 vol.4 no.2).The Oxford Unabridged Dictionary defines corruption as perversion or destruction of integrity in the discharge of public duties by b ribery or favour. Websters Collegiate Dictionary defines it as inducement to wrong by improper or unlawful means (as bribery). A succinct definition of corruption used by the cosmea Bank is the abuse of public office for private gain.Corruption is a complex multi-faceted social phenomenon with innumerable manifestations.It takes place as an outcome of deficiencies in the existing public administration apparatuses and systems as well as cultural, economic, political and social factors. Differences of opinion still exist as to the meaning of the term corruption. This is primarily because individuals look at corruption from their own vantage points influenced by surrounding environment (Khan, 2004). Coherently, Swain& Dininio (2000), explains corruption as the abuse of public office for private gain. It encompasses unilateral abuses by government officials such as embezzlement and nepotism, as well as abuses linking public and privateactors such as bribery extortion, influence peddlin g, and fraud. 2.8 plaguy Issues in an arrangingCorruptive issues arise in an organization where both employers and employees embark on any act classified as corruption (Balkaran, 2000). 2.8.1 Causes of CorruptionKhan (2004), defines corruption as a phenomenon that takes place due to the presence of a number of factors. An understanding of such factors requires, among other things, a kind of general role model for a clearer understanding of the causes of corruption, especially from a broader perspective. However, Goudie & Strange (2000), explained that the genesis of corruption can be looked at from three levels being the international, the national and the individual institutional level.Competitiveness of international markets provides multinational companies of various sizes with an incentive to wish bribes to gain an advantage over competitors. At the national level basic development strategy of any government moulds opportunities and incentives for corruption. At the same leve l three relationships between the government and the civil service, between the government and the workbench and between the government and the civil society also affect the record and discussions of corruption. Three areas of government activity customs administration, business regulation and management of foreign aid act as sources of corruption at the level of individual institutions (Goudie & Strange, 2000). 2.8.2 Forms of CorruptionCorruption takes many forms acceptance of money and other rewards for awarding contracts, violation of procedures to advance personal interests, kickbacks from developmental programmes or multi-national corporations, pay-offs for legislative support, diversion of public resources for private use, overlooking illegal activities, intervening in the justice process, nepotism, common theft, overpricing, establishing non-existing projects and tax collection and tax assessment frauds (Khan, 2004). 2.9 The Auditors Role in Fighting Corruption in an Or ganisation Auditors are the first set of gatekeepers in scrap corruption in an organisation (Harding,2000,p.12).Auditors ensure that transactions are valid, at arms-length, captured, and properly enter according to establishedstandards which contributes to the fight of corruption. Secondly, As professionals with a duty to protect the public interest, auditors are bound by rigorous codes of professional and personal ethics calling for the highest levels of integrity and objectivity. Again, with key strategic positions within an enterprise or organization whether in an internal position or as an external position, mean that auditors very often have access to highly privileged and confidential information (Harding, 2000). Furthermore, as Balkaran (2000), puts it, the auditor helps in fighting corruption in an organisation through the performance of the respective functions on the bases of national and international standards of practice which have clear guidelines identifying, for i nstance, indicators of fraud and other irregularities, and reporting these to the highest levels of authority.Scaling down to the types of auditors, Balkaran (2000), outlines that, the revised response of internal auditing, places more responsibility on internal auditors in helping to fight corruption. afterwards all, as the eyes and ears of management, they are there year-round, understand the operations of a business, and are bound by even more in-depth standards of performance and conduct. Moreover, the work of the internal auditor is often relied upon by the external (independent) auditors and therefore sheath to more stringent requirements.

Assginment

The first individualistic bank that the root cause of assignting a crime is impoverishment. When a individual has no money and he cannot provide the essential charters for himself or his family (food, clothes, shelter, etc ) he loses his sense to distinguish between right and wrong which leads to crime (robbery, murder, breaking laws, etc ). As income levels rise, crime levels a good deal decline proportionately. People living in poverty commit crimes because, for them, the benefits of stealing something outweigh the risk of getting aught. Also, worthless people choose high rates of illiteracy and high levels of poverty.A drop of education leaves few opportunities for well-paying Jobs, which increases the handlelihood that an individual might succumb to poverty and commit crimes. The effects multiply since one person in a access who commits a crime sends a message to otherwises in the neighborhood that criminal behavior is acceptable. According to this individual collec tive society should be punished, not the individual who committed the crime. Collective society is the real culprit because they tolerate unjust societies that allows poverty. Behaviorism theory silk hat describes this explanation.The second individual believe that the root cause of committing a crime is poor p atomic number 18nting, specifically, the bankruptcy of some pargonnts to teach their children the values of respect for the law and for the rights of others. Children who are unattended or abused are more likely to commit crimes after in life than others. Similarly, sexual abuse in childishness often leads these victims to become sexual predators as adults. This individual as well as thinks that single-parent families are not only more likely to live n poverty, but they alike are more likely to commit crime.Children who grow up in adults. According to this individual councils should straighten out greater use of their powers to force dotty parents to attend counseling or face court. Psychoanalysis theory beaver describes this explanation. The third individual believes that the root cause of committing a crime is medicine and alcohol abuse. The urge to commit crime to support a do drugs habit definitely influences the decision process. Both drugs and alcohol impair persuasion and reduce inhibitions, giving a person greater courage to commit a crime. Drugs are related to crime in multiple ways.Most directly, it is a crime to use, possess, manufacture, or distribute drugs classified as having a voltage for abuse (such as cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and amphetamines). Drugs are in like manner related to crime with the effects they have on the users behavior and by generating violence and other illegal activity in connection with drug trafficking. This invalid also believes that alcohol consumption alters three fundamental factors relating to motor vehicle crashes. It decreases device driver performance, increases risk- victorious behavior and decreases the hence of survival of occupants involved in crashes.According to this individual it is craft for society to permit alcohol but prohibit heroin as both drugs are dangerous. Alcohol is a greater factor in violent crime than any other drug while nicotine results in many deaths. Drug supply can only be rock-bottom by reducing demand, and demand is caused by poor nutrition and a lack of education and wisdom in matters pertaining to wellness. The re-deduction of all children in canonical dietary needs of the human body is a primary stem to drug addiction. Prisons would not be used as places of punishment, but rehabilitation.The health approach is fare wiser and humane than the severe authoritarian imposition of punishment. more often than not we need a more tolerant,informed, educated and less Judgmental approach to drug crime. Punishment usually fails to reform. Treatment of causal factors can earn much more. Biological approach theory best describes this explanation. Question 3. ) fragmentise one of your traits, and explain the influences that both nature and nurture have on it. For example, if you have a short temper, explain its origins in your emetics, your culture and your childhood experiences.One of my major traits is lovingness. Caring is hereditary in my family. My mom and grandfather are caring. My grandfather was a landlord in Pakistan and he use to do select for people who were poor, like giving them a free land and state them not to worry about anything. My mom use to help all one of her relatives and friends in their time of need. I am a caring person since I was born, during my childhood, I use to keeping allot for my family including my parents, grandparents, siblings, and my friends by doing little things for them.For example, my sister and I use to share a discern and blanket, and in the middle of the night, she would take the whole blanket to herself in her tranquillity and I would let her residuum with the blanket whi le I sleep without it. So, caring is in my nature, its how I am. My personality of caring nurtured while evolution up. I went a level up in caring and make caring my profession by becoming a nurse (LIP). straightaway not only care for my family and friends I also care for my patients. I am proud to care for people who are in need of medical checkup help and I am glad to help hem.I also have three children now and I show them that I care for them by homecomings all three of them. I work four to louver days a week, twelve hours per day, Just for them, so that they can have a good childhood and life ahead. Question 4. ) People sometimes wonder how any significant woman could gage the health of her fetus. number your own health-related behavior in the past month Exercise, sleep, nutrition, drug use, medical and dental care, disease avoidance and so on. Would you change your behavior if you were pregnant?Would t make a difference if your family, your partner, or you yourself did n ot sine qua non a baby? Whole lifestyle. I would eat healthy, do exercises that are good and healthy for me and the baby, sleep on time and if I was taking any unhealthy drugs I would stop, basically I would not Jeopardize the babys life under any circumstances. If I had any bad habits like smoking or drinking alcohol I would try my best to leave all my bad habits and take care of the baby. No, it would not make a difference if my family, my partner, or l, myself did not want a baby. I would still care for it and take care of it.